Economic Reforms

The Spanish economy experienced enormous growth in the 18th century as a result of reforms introduced by Felipe V and Carlos III.

• The population grew from about seven million at the beginning of the century to almost eleven by the end.
• Agricultural production increased as new land was cultivated (Sierra Morena) or irrigated (Canal de Castilla).
• Trade with America expanded beyond Sevilla and Cadiz to other ports in Spain. Some internal duties were also eliminated, allowing free trade.
• Industrial production increased. Royal manufacturers were created (Reales Fábricas) as well as private ones (textile production in Catalonia).